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1.
Rev. odontol. Univ. Cid. São Paulo (Online) ; 30(3): 332-340, jul-set 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-994688

ABSTRACT

O tratamento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço depende da idade do paciente, presença de comorbidades, tamanho do tumor, localização, grau, estágio, presença de linfonodos afetados e de metástases, e inclui cirurgia, radioterapia e quimioterapia, combinadas ou separadamente. As complicações bucais da radioterapia em região de cabeça e pescoço são amplamente conhecidas, tais como, mucosite, xerostomia, disgeusia, trismo, cárie de radiação e osteorradionecrose. A prevenção ou redução da incidência e severidade dessas complicações são fundamentais para a manutenção da saúde bucal, tendo o dentista um papel primordial antes, durante e após a radioterapia. Dessa forma, este relato de caso visa discutir o atendi¬mento odontológico de uma paciente irradiada em região de cabeça e pescoço, salientando as principais complicações bucais, manejo odontológico e a importância da Odontologia na equipe multidisciplinar no tratamento do câncer bucal


The head and neck cancer treatment depend on age, comorbidities, tumor size, site, stage, grade, lymph nodes status and metastases, and include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, combined or separately. Oral complications of radiotherapy in the head and neck region are widely known, such as mucositis, xerostomia, dysgeusia, trismus, radiation caries and osteoradionecrosis. The prevention or reduction of incidence and severity of oral complications are essential in the maintenance of oral health, and the dentist having a primary role before, during and after radiotherapy. Thus, this case report aims to discuss the dental care of a patient irradiated in the head and neck region, highlighting the main oral complications, dental management and the importance of Dentistry in the multidisciplinary team in the treatment of oral cancer

2.
Braz. dent. j ; 27(6): 641-645, Nov.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828075

ABSTRACT

Abstract Oral manifestations of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) are rare, have rarely been studied and have given controversial results. There are few data about IgA, IgG, and IgM antibody salivary levels in the literature, and there are few papers about the clinical impact of antibody deficiencies and CVID on the oral health of such patients. The aim of this study was to measure serum and salivary IgA, IgG, and IgM levels in CVID participants and controls, and to associate immunoglobulin levels with caries and periodontal disease. This was a case-control study involving 51 CVID individuals and 50 healthy controls. All participants underwent examination for dental caries and periodontal disease. Blood and whole saliva samples were collected on the same day of the oral examination. Serum IgA, IgM, and IgG levels were measured by turbidimetry and salivary IgA, IgM, and IgG titers were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Incidences of caries and gingivitis were significantly higher in the CVID group than in the control group (p<0.05). Salivary and blood IgA and IgM titers were significantly reduced in the CVID group, but there was no association of salivary immunoglobulin levels with periodontal disease or with caries incidence (p>0.05 for both). Although CVID was associated with increased susceptibility to caries and gingivitis, it was not associated with low salivary levels of IgA and IgM.


Resumo As manifestações orais em pacientes com imunodeficiência comum variável (ICV) têm sido pouco estudadas e com resultados variados. Há escassos dados na literatura sobre os níveis de IgA, IgG e IgM na saliva, e pouco se sabe sobre o impacto clínico da deficiência destes anticorpos sobre a saúde bucal de pacientes com ICV. O objetivo deste estudo foi medir os níveis séricos e salivares de IgA, IgG e IgM em indivíduos com ICV e controles, e associar os níveis de imunoglobulinas com cárie e doença periodontal. Este foi um estudo de caso-controle, envolvendo 51 indivíduos ICV e 50 controles saudáveis. Todos os participantes foram examinados para cárie e doença periodontal. As amostras de sangue e saliva foram coletadas no mesmo dia do exame intraoral. Os níveis de IgA, IgM e IgG foram medidos por turbidimetria, e os títulos salivares de IgA, IgM e IgG foram avaliados através método imunoenzimático (ELISA). As incidências de cáries e gengivite foram significativamente maiores no grupo ICV do que no grupo controle (p<0,05). Os níveis de IgA e IgM salivares e no sangue foram significativamente reduzidos no grupo ICV, porém não houve associação dos níveis de imunoglobulina salivar com doença periodontal ou com a incidência de cárie (p>0,05 para ambos). Embora ICV foi associado com um aumento da susceptibilidade à cárie e gengivite, não estava associado com baixos níveis salivares de IgA e IgM.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Common Variable Immunodeficiency/metabolism , Immunoglobulins/metabolism , Saliva/metabolism , Case-Control Studies
3.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 24(1,Supl.A): 39-43, jan.-mar.2014.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-761820

ABSTRACT

A condição de imunossupressão de pacientes transplantadoscardíacos possibilita o surgimento de manifestações bucaisimportantes que representam risco para o sucesso dotransplante cardíaco. A avaliação e o acompanhamentoodontológico desses pacientes são fundamentais na prevençãodessas manifestações bucais e infecções sistêmicas. Por meiodo relato dos casos clínicos de três pacientes transplantadoscardíacos, apresentamos e discutimos as condições clínicas eas opções terapêuticas das manifestações bucais mais comunsneste grupo de pacientes...


The condition of immunosuppression in heart transplant patientsenables emergence of oral manifestations that represent significantrisk to the success of heart transplantation. The oral and dentalevaluation and the follow up of these patients are critical in preventingthese oral manifestations and systemic infections. Through thereports files of three patients who underwent cardiac transplantation,we present and discuss the clinical and therapeutic options of themost common oral manifestations in this group of patients...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Periodontal Diseases/complications , Periodontal Diseases/rehabilitation , Gingival Hyperplasia/therapy , Heart Transplantation/adverse effects , Azithromycin/administration & dosage , Gingiva/pathology , Opportunistic Infections/therapy , Dentistry/classification
4.
Braz. dent. j ; 24(5): 542-546, Sep-Oct/2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-697636

ABSTRACT

Canalicular adenoma (CA) is an uncommon benign salivary gland tumor that mostly occurs in the upper lip. Despite its benign nature, some patients may present multiple nodules and also microscopic growth that can be multifocal with foci of tumor within the adjacent gland. Microscopically, CA can be mistaken for a polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) or basal cell adenoma (BCA), and immunohistochemistry can be helpful in differentiating them. Two cases of canalicular adenoma showing tumor foci within the adjacent gland are described. Both cases occurred in the upper lip of white females aged 72 and 79 years. In addition to the histological multifocal aspect, one of the patients presented bi-lateral nodules. Histological examination of both lesions revealed interconnecting and branching canal-like structures composed by uniform columnar and sometimes cuboidal cells, partially encapsulated. Immunohistochemical analysis showed intense expression of cytokeratins (CK) 7, a weak reaction to CK14 and a negative reaction to vimentin. Upon the diagnosis of CA the lesions were excised. In conclusion, it is important to properly diagnose CA and differentiate its multifocal aspect from a malignant behavior.


O adenoma canalicular (AC) é uma rara neoplasia benigna de glândula salivar que ocorre com maior frequência em lábio superior. Apesar de sua natureza benigna, alguns pacientes podem apresentar múltiplos nódulos, além de apresentar microscopicamente um crescimento multifocal com focos de neoplasia na glândula adjacente. Microscopicamente, AC pode ser confundido com adenocarcinoma polimorfo de baixo grau ou adenoma de células basais, sendo a imunohistoquímica útil na diferenciação entre eles. Dois casos de AC com focos de neoplasia dentro da glândula são descritos. Ambos os casos ocorreram em lábio superior de dois indivíduos do sexo feminino com 72 e 79 anos de idade. Além do aspecto histológico multifocal, um dos pacientes apresentou nódulos bilaterais. A análise histológica dos dois casos revelou estruturas canaliculares interligadas, compostas por células colunares uniformes e cuboidais, parcialmente encapsuladas. A análise imunohistoquímica mostrou intensa marcação de citoqueratina (CK) 7, uma fraca expressão para CK14, e reação negativa para vmentina. Após o diagnóstico as lesões foram excisionadas. Conclusão: É importante o correto diagnóstico do AC e a diferenciação do aspecto multifocal de um comportamento maligno.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Adenoma/pathology , Lip Neoplasms/pathology , Adenoma/surgery , Lip Neoplasms/surgery
5.
São Paulo; s.n; 2013. 194 p. ilus, tab. (BR).
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-715013

ABSTRACT

A hiperglicemia, bem como o diabetes, é reconhecida como fator de risco para infecções pós-cirúrgicas, assim manter o controle glicêmico perioperatório tem sido padrão de cuidado em saúde. Entretanto há poucos estudos sobre o impacto do controle glicêmico no processo de reparação de cirurgias de extração dentária. Apesar da escassez de estudos e de evidências clínicas e científicas que investiguem o risco de infecções pós-exodônticas em pessoas com diabetes, existem livros, artigos e guias que recomendam aos dentistas o uso de antibióticos profiláticos nesses indivíduos, especialmente para aqueles descompensados. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar clinicamente a cicatrização pós-exodôntica, em relação à cronologia dos eventos reparacionais e em relação à ocorrência de complicações pós-operatórias, em indivíduos com diabetes tipo 2 comparados a um grupo controle. Além disso, procuramos relacionar os eventos pós-cirúrgicos com o controle metabólico e com o perfil imunológico dos pacientes. Este estudo prospectivo longitudinal caso controle incluiu 53 indivíduos com diabetes tipo 2 (grupo de estudo=GE) e 29 indivíduos sem diabetes (grupo controle=GC). Foi aplicado questionário sobre a história médica, realizados exames clínicos intraoral e extraoral e exames laboratoriais para conhecimento do controle glicêmico e do perfil imunológico do indivíduo, tais como, hemograma completo, hemoglobina glicada (A1C), glicemia de jejum, IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, C4, linfócitos T CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, quimiotaxia de neutrófilos, oxidação de neutrófilos, fagocitose de neutrófilos e monócitos. Todos os participantes foram submetidos a extrações padronizadas de dentes erupcionados...


Hyperglycemia and diabetes are recognized as a risk factor for postoperative infections. Thus, maintaining perioperative glucose control has become the standard of care. However, there are scarce data on the appropriate glucose control during minor dental surgery. Despite the paucity of studies investigating the risk of postsurgical oral infections in persons with diabetes, there are text books, papers and guidelines recommending to dentists the use of prophylactic antibiotics for patients with poorly controlled diabetes undergoing invasive oral procedures. The aim of this study was to clinically evaluate the post extraction healing regarding to the chronology and to the occurrence of postoperative complications in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to a control group. Additionally, we associated the postoperative events with metabolic control and the immunological profile of the participants. This prospective case-control study included 53 subjects with type 2 diabetes (SG) and 29 controls without diabetes (CG). A questionnaire on medical history was applied, intraoral and extraoral clinical examinations were conducted and laboratory tests for glycemic control and immunological profile of the individual, such as complete blood count, glycated hemoglobin (A1C), fasting glucose, IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, C4, lymphocytes T CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, neutrophil chemotaxis, oxidation of neutrophil phagocytosis by neutrophils and monocytes, were obtained at the time of the extraction. All participants underwent standardized extractions of erupted teeth and clinical assessments were performed 3, 7, 21 and 60 days after surgery...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tooth Extraction/adverse effects , Neutrophils , Wound Healing
6.
J. appl. oral sci ; 20(2): 241-245, Mar.-Apr. 2012. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-626428

ABSTRACT

Liver transplantation has become a standard treatment for end-stage liver disease and the number of recipients has grown rapidly in the last few years. Dental care during pre-transplant workup is important to reduce potential sources of infection in the drug-induced immunosuppression phase of liver transplantation. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to document the prevalence of oral abnormalities in patients on a liver transplant waiting list presenting to an urban dental school clinic, discuss the appropriate dental treatment according their systemic conditions and compare their oral manifestations with those of healthy individuals. Material and Methods: A pilot study was conducted involving 16 end-stage liver disease individuals (study group- SG) attending the Special Care Dentistry Center of the University of São Paulo and 16 control individuals (control group- CG) with no liver diseases, receiving dental care at the Dental School of the University of São Paulo. These individuals were assessed for their dental status (presence of oral disease or abnormalities), coagulation status, and dental treatment indications. Results: The patients from SG exhibited a greater incidence of oral manifestations compared with CG (p=0.0327) and were diagnosed with at least one oral disease or condition that required treatment. Coagulation abnormalities reflecting an increased risk of bleeding were found in 93.75% of the patients. However, no bleeding complications occurred after dental treatment. Conclusions: The patients with chronic liver diseases evaluated in this study exhibited a higher incidence of oral manifestations compared with the control group and had at least one oral disease or abnormality which required dental treatment prior to liver transplantation. Careful oral examination and evaluation of the patient, including laboratory tests, will ensure correct oral preparation and control of oral disease prior to liver transplantation.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , End Stage Liver Disease/complications , Liver Transplantation , Mouth Diseases , Oral Health , Waiting Lists , Age Distribution , Brazil/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Dental Care for Chronically Ill , Mouth Diseases/complications , Mouth Diseases/epidemiology , Mouth Diseases/therapy , Pilot Projects , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sex Distribution
7.
Rev. Assoc. Paul. Cir. Dent ; 62(6): 482-487, nov.-dez. 2008. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-535070

ABSTRACT

A epidemia do HIV/AIDS vive o final de sua terceira década seguida por importantes avanços terapêuticos e uma considerável expectativa de vida dos pacientes infectados. Diversas comorbidades têm sido frequentemente observadas, relacionadas com o próprio envelhecimento e/ou com o uso de terapia antiretroviral por tempo prolongado. As manifestações bucais oportunistas tornam-se mais raras, e outras alterações estão se tornando mais prevalentes e merecem atenção do cirurgião-dentista. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a prevalência de comorbidades e de manifestações bucais em pacientes idosos portadores de HIV atendidos no CAPE-FOUSP, e analisa-las de acordo com dados demográficos e estado imunológico dos pacientes. Foram avaliados prontuários de 61 pacientes, de onde foram coletados dados demográficos e relativos à infecção pelo HIV. Todos os pacientes exibiam alguma comorbidade. Quarenta e um (70,5%) pacientes apresentaram ao menos uma manifestação bucal relacionada ao HIV, sendo as mais freqüentes a candidíase oral e a xerostomia. É importante que o cirurgião-dentista conheça o perfil do paciente HIV positivo idoso, as condições bucais mais observadas e as comorbidades mais frequentes, especialmente as que apresentem repercussões no manejo odontológico.


HIV/AIDS epidemic lives the end of its third decade followed by important advances in the therapy and life expectancy of the infect patients, with a growing number of HIV-positive older patients. Some comorbidities are becoming more common, related with aging and the long-term use of some antiretroviral medications. Some buccal manifestations are still considered important markers of HIV progression. Although, some lesions are becoming more frequent. All of them deserve attention by the dentist. Based on this, this article purpose is to verify the prevalence of comorbidities and HIV-related buccal manifestations on older patients attended on HIV-positive patients of Special Care Dentistry Center of Sao Paulo University (CAPE-FOUSP), and analyze them according to demographic data and immunologic status of the patients. Sixty-one patients were evaluated retrospectively and information about HIV infection and demographic data were collected. All patients comorbidities. Forty-three patients (75,5%) exhibited at least one buccal manifestation and the frequent are oral candidiasis and xerostomia. Is important for the oral health provider know the current profile of HIV-positive older patient, witch includes associated oral conditions and the most frequent comorbidities, especially those that demand changes in the dental management.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Candidiasis , Dental Care for Aged , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/prevention & control , Xerostomia
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